An overbite is a vertical misalignment of the teeth, occurring when the upper teeth unusually overlap the lower teeth. If left untreated, an overbite can lead to various oral health problems, such as jaw pain, gum disease, and tooth erosion. Treatment for this condition ranges from orthodontics to oral surgery.
By Able Health I Medically reviewed by Dr. Alireza Estedlal
Page last reviewed: February 2024 I Next review due: February 2026
An overbite is a form of malocclusion (also known as a “bad bite”) that occurs when the upper teeth excessively overlap the lower teeth. A slight overbite is normal and even essential for proper oral function and health. However, if the top teeth overlap the lower ones by more than 2 to 4 millimetres, it is considered an overbite and can lead to jaw discomfort, tooth wear, and other dental problems.
Both overjet and overbite are forms of malocclusion. Although they sound similar, they refer to different types of misalignment:
The primary symptom of an overbite is the noticeable overlap of the upper front teeth over the lower front teeth. A severe case of an overbite is more visible compared to a minor one. However, this type of malocclusion can also have other effects beyond appearance.
This condition could also contribute to:
Malocclusion is sometimes hereditary, with genetic traits such as jaw shape affecting teeth alignment. Other possible causes of an overbite include:
If not treated, an overbite may result in several complications, such as:
Typically, a dentist will first detect an overbite during a physical examination. Dental X-rays may then be used to further assess teeth alignment.
If necessary, the dentist might refer you to an orthodontist, who specialises in jaw and tooth alignment.
While everyone with an overbite can be treated, the type of treatment varies based on factors such as age and severity. Treatment options for children and adults also differ.
Since their bones are still growing, children's teeth are more easily movable. Therefore, dentists usually correct overbites in minors primarily with orthodontic treatment.
The treatment options can include:
Adults may also benefit from orthodontic treatment, which can sometimes be the only remedy required. However, for severe overbite cases, corrective jaw surgery in conjunction with braces may be necessary.
Treatment options for overbites in adults can include:
An overbite can sometimes run in families, making it difficult to prevent. However, you can take some measures to minimise the risk of your child developing an overbite during their early years. These measures include:
Generally, what you can expect depends on your treatment goals. Make an appointment with your orthodontist or dentist if you have an overbite and are considering treatment. They can evaluate the severity of the condition and determine if treatment is required.
However, if you choose not to undergo treatment, you can take these steps to manage and minimise the risk of complications:
It’s important to visit your dentist at least every six months or as recommended. These appointments allow the dentist to monitor your oral health and suggest treatment if your overbite affects the function and well-being of your teeth.
Remember to inform your dentist if you develop new symptoms (such as infection, pain, or tooth movement) between check-ups. Such issues should not be ignored until the next scheduled appointment.
An overbite may sometimes go unnoticed unless it is severe (with the upper teeth excessively overlapping the lower ones). Not all cases of an overbite require treatment. However, if your dentist mentions this term, ask how it could impact your dental health. Addressing the problem early rather than later can help prevent or minimise the risk of future complications.